1、 Use and maintenance of pneumatic tools
In a broad sense, pneumatic tools are mainly tools that use compressed air to drive pneumatic motors and output kinetic energy to work externally. According to their basic working mode, they can be divided into: 1) rotary type (eccentric movable blade type) 2) Reciprocating (volume piston type) pneumatic tools generally consist of main parts such as power output, operation mode conversion, intake and exhaust pipelines, operation start and stop control, tool housing, etc. Of course, pneumatic tool operation also includes energy supply, air filtration and pressure regulation, and tool accessories.
1. Power output part: It is one of the main components of pneumatic tools, mainly composed of a pneumatic motor and a power output gear. It relies on high-pressure compressed air to blow the motor blades and rotate the motor rotor, outputting rotational motion to the outside and driving the entire operation form conversion part through gears. According to whether the stator and rotor are concentric, pneumatic motors can be divided into concentric motors and eccentric motors. According to the number of intake ports, they can be divided into single intake port motors, double intake port motors, and multi intake port motors. Regardless of the form of pneumatic motor, it relies on compressed air to blow the motor blades and drive the rotor to rotate. When the motor blades rotate at high speed, they constantly rub against the inner wall of the stator, making them vulnerable components in the motor. Therefore, they have high requirements for the quality of compressed air and whether the compressed air contains lubricating oil molecules;
2. The homework format conversion part: It mainly converts the rotational motion output by the motor accordingly. In the automotive manufacturing industry, there are many ways of connecting by threads, most of which are rotational movements, but there are also linear reciprocating movements. For different types of pneumatic tools, the conversion of operation forms mainly includes mechanical clutches and planetary gear sets, friction plate clutches and planetary gear sets, hydraulic cylinders, torsion bars and hammering block sets, etc. The above components are all important parts based on rotational motion, which determines the torque size, speed, tightening accuracy and other important parameters of the pneumatic tightening tool. Due to its constant clutch, compression or torque transformation, its constituent components are easily damaged;
3. The intake and exhaust passage: It is obvious that the intake and exhaust passage is the relevant channel for compressed air to enter and exit, and is the energy supply system to ensure the normal movement of the motor;
4. The motion start and stop control part, commonly known as the pneumatic switch, is prone to damage due to its constant direct contact with the operator and external objects, as well as the presence of many engineering plastic products;
5. Energy supply: Compressed air is mainly formed by compressing the atmosphere with an air compressor, and is transported to relevant gas and electricity sources through compressed air pipelines in a pulsating manner;
6. Air filtration and pressure regulation part: Due to the fact that compressed air is usually transported through seamless steel pipes, corrosion on the inner walls, moisture, dust, and other substances in the compressed air will continue to form over long-term use. If such compressed air is not treated and directly enters the pneumatic motor, it will greatly shorten the service life of the motor, resulting in insufficient and unstable power output of the entire tool, which can easily cause damage to the motor and other components. Therefore, a compressed air filtering and regulating device is installed between the compressed air transported by the pipeline and the pneumatic tool, and the pneumatic triple joint is responsible for this task. The pneumatic triple component mainly consists of a pressure gauge, a filter, an oil mist device, a pressure regulator, and other parts. The filter has a built-in filter element, which needs to be maintained, cleaned, and regularly replaced after a period of use;
7. Tool attachments: The tool attachments here refer to tools installed on the pneumatic tool body that directly contact the workpiece, and the pneumatic triple piece undertakes this task. The pneumatic triple component mainly consists of a pressure gauge, a filter, an oil mist device, a pressure regulator, and other parts. The filter has a built-in filter element, which needs to be maintained, cleaned, and regularly replaced after a period of use; If such compressed air is not treated and directly enters the pneumatic motor, it will greatly shorten the service life of the motor, resulting in insufficient and unstable power output of the entire tool, which can easily cause damage to the motor and other components. Therefore, compressed air filtering and regulating devices, including various pneumatic sleeves, connecting rods, conversion joints, cutting heads, etc., are installed between the compressed air transported by pipelines and the pneumatic tool;
The above parts are interdependent, mutually restrictive, and cannot exist in isolation to achieve the task.
2、 Pneumatic tool installation system
Air source (air compressor or distribution room) - oil-water separator -3/8 '' (1/2 '') quick connector -3/8 '' (1/2 '') trial connection -3/8 '' (1/2 '') quick connector - pneumatic tool.3、 Operation of pneumatic tools
1. Gas supply
(1) Supply clean and dry air at 90 PSI (6.2 Bar) to the tool. Excessive air pressure can quickly reduce the lifespan of tools.
(2) Connect components, conduits, and hoses of appropriate sizes as indicated in the tool chart.
(3) If using an air pressure regulator, set the air pressure to an output pressure of 0.62MPA.
2. Steps
(1) Connect the pneumatic tool to the air production line.
(2) Set the air pressure properly.
(3) If the air production line is equipped with an air lubricating oil device, and the air lubricating oil device is unqualified or not available, the following daily maintenance should be carried out for the tool:
A. After working continuously for 3 to 4 hours, separate the tool from the air source, drip 7-8 drops of high-purity light engine oil (low viscosity) from the tool inlet, connect the air pipe, open the air source, and blow the oil into the cylinder. For users with conditions and a relatively full workload, it is recommended to install a small oil injector at the intake joint.
B. Usually, regular drainage and impurity removal maintenance are required for the air compressor and oil-water separator within 30-40 days to ensure that the air entering the tool is clean and dry.
4、 Advantages of using pneumatic tools:
1. Air is easily accessible and has low working pressure. Used air can be discharged on-site without the need for pipeline recycling
2. The viscosity of the gas is low and the flow resistance loss is small, making it easy for centralized gas supply and long-distance transportation
3. Pneumatic actuators move at high speeds
4. Pneumatic systems have strong adaptability to the environment and can work reliably in environments with a wide temperature range, humidity, and dust. Even slight leaks will not pollute the environment, and there is no risk of fire or explosion. They are safe to use
5. Simple structure, easy maintenance, and low cost
6. Long lifespan of pneumatic components
7. Pneumatic components have smaller execution output than hydraulic components, faster movement, strong adaptability, and can work in harsh environments such as natural, explosive, heavy, humid, and impact prone environments. They do not pollute the environment, have a long working life, simple structure, easy maintenance, and low price
The composition of the pneumatic series:
1. Air pressure generating device - air compressor
2. Pneumatic actuators
3. Pneumatic control components - components used to control the pressure, flow rate, and flow mode of the working medium to enable the actuator to complete the required motion pattern, such as pressure, flow rate, and directional control valves, as well as various logic components
4. Sensing elements and conversion elements are used to detect controlled parameters and convert them into pneumatic sensing elements, as well as elements that convert pneumatic signals into electrical and hydraulic signals
5. Pneumatic accessories - including air source purification, component lubrication, component connection, and noise reduction components